It's a little thing, and I frequently forget to do it, but it makes a huge difference.
Basically, Tableau takes your calculations and stores the fields in the extract so it doesn't have to re-compute them every time the view gets opened.
So if you're building dashboards and creating a lot of calculated fields it's a good idea to remember to optimize the extract as you go along.
I didn't realize until today that having filters set to Show Only Relevant Values was costly, so from now on I'll create a calculated field to speed things up.
Cheers!